<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2976-0526</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Portuguese Kidney Journal (PKJ)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[PKJ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2976-0526</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Nefrologia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2976-05262024000300063</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.71749/pkj.58</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimizing the Use of Renin&#8209;Angiotensin System Inhibition in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Carina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS São José Hospital de Curry Cabral Nephrology Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Nova University of Lisbon Nova Medical School ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3-4</numero>
<fpage>63</fpage>
<lpage>67</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2976-05262024000300063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2976-05262024000300063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2976-05262024000300063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects millions of people worldwide and is a major public health problem. Renin&#8209;angiotensin system inhibitors are the backbone drugs for preventing CKD progression but have potential side effects, such as hyperkalemia or acute decrease in glomerular filtration rate, which can prevent physicians from starting the drugs, or even lead physicians to stop the drug when already in use in advanced CKD patients. In this review, the principal studies performed on this topic are summarized.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Angiotensin&#8209;Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Kidney Failure, Chronic/drug therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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