<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-2078</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Political Observer - Revista Portuguesa de Ciência Política]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[PO-RPCP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-2078</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OBSERVATÓRIO POLÍTICO ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-20782020000100049</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33167/2184-2078.rpcp2020.13/pp.49-66</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reversing the Shrinking of Civic Spaces: Insights for Strategies to Expand and Strengthen Activism and Organizations in Mozambique]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pessôa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Sussex Institute of Development Studies ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>66</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-20782020000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-20782020000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-20782020000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract How can the shrinking of civic spaces be reversed? This article suggests an analytical approach to identify mechanisms that cause the shrinking of civic spaces in Mozambique, and presents a starting point for building strategies to react to this process. Based on interviews and participative observation in the field, it explores events and episodes where crucial issues or activists&#8217; groupings were neutralised, and visits the theory of defiance in civil society, power and contentious politics to explain how the shrinking of civic spaces has been taking place in Mozambique in the past ten years. It is reasonable to state that activists need to cope with cultural and cognitive barriers in order to face the various expressions of state and market power in Mozambique. Civil society organizations need to work with their donors to create new forms of relationship together, where issues such as accountability, for example, do not put at risk civic spaces and projects that have made a positive difference to people's lives. In addition, activists need to establish a joint lobbying focus for constructing a legal framework that facilitates the emergence of new civic spaces in urban and rural areas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Como reverter a contração dos espaços cívicos? Este artigo sugere uma abordagem analítica para identificar os mecanismos que causam a contração dos espaços cívicos em Moçambique e apresenta um ponto de partida para a construção de estratégias para reagir a este processo. Com base em entrevistas e observação participante no terreno, explora eventos e episódios em que questões cruciais ou agrupamentos de ativistas foram neutralizados e visita a teoria da defiance na sociedade civil, poder e contentious politics para explicar como a contração dos espaços cívicos tem vindo a ocorrer em Moçambique nos últimos dez anos. É razoável afirmar que os ativistas precisam lidar com as barreiras culturais e cognitivas para enfrentar as várias expressões de poder estatal e do mercado em Moçambique. As organizações da sociedade civil precisam trabalhar com os seus doadores para criar uma nova relação mútua, onde questões de accountability, por exemplo, não ponham em risco espaços e projetos cívicos que fazem diferença positiva na vida das pessoas. Além disso, os ativistas precisam se concentrar em um lobby para a construção de um quadro legal que facilite a emergência de novos espaços cívicos nas áreas urbanas e rurais.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[África]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sociedade civil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ambiente de contestação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[defiance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Moçambique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[contração dos espaços físicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Africa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[civil society]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[contestation environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[defiance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mozambique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[shrinking of civic spaces]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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